Charging apparatus for continuous vertical ovens, more particulary coke and gas ovens.



.I. PIETERS.

CHARGING APPARATUS FOR CONTINUOUS VERTICAL OVENS, MORE PARTICULARLYCOKE AND GAS OVENS.

' APPLICATION FILED IIAN- 23.1918.

I 1,308,641 Patented July 1, 1919.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JULIEN PIETERS, OF- PARIS, FRANCE.

CHARGING APPAIQATPS FOR CONTINUOUS VERTICAL OVENS, MORE COKE -AND GAS OVENS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 1, 1919.

Application filed January 23 1918. Serial No. 213,368.

1T0 all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JULIEN PIE'I'ERS, engin'eer, a subject of theKing of Belgium, and a resident of 10 Rue de Rome, Paris, France, have invented new and useful Improvementsin Charging Apparatus for'Continuous Vertical Ovens, More Particularly .Coke and Gas Ovens, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a charging apparatus of continuous coke or as ovens, and, .more generally, of any vertica distilling apparatus, intended to insure distribution of coal or other material to be distilled in one or more ovens arranged in series or in a battery," regular progress or advance of the said material in each of the ovens, and to 'maintainthe same closed in an air tight manner by the sole action of the mass ofscoal or other material to be distilled. In existing. vertical ovens already used for'the manufacture of the lighting gas, the advance 'of the coal in the distilling apparatus is produced exclusively by the simple action of gravity. This has however several serious drawbacks. a a

(a) Owingto theadhesion of the coal to i the apparatus at the beginning of its descent,.the-la-tter is not uniform; arches are j to stop the descent altogether; and addiproduced inthe coal which are even liable tional labor-is required to remedyit.

, (b) The coke subsequently produced by distillation of the eoal, is also liable in certain cases to adhere very strongly to the wall of the oven, to such an extentthat the weight of the whole mass of coke and coal above the level of stoppage is no longer sufficient todetach the adhering portion and to force the block of coke and coal to descend. This is a. fairly serious drawback, as the removal requires then a temporary stoppin of the oven so as to enable this cause 0 disturbance to be removed.

In the event of coke being manufactured drawbacks would make it imp'ossibleto ob,

tain a suitable result from the metallurgical point of view.

a (0) Finally, this irregularity in the simple descent under the action of gravity, and the empty places necessarily existing then in the mass, make it imperative to use a'special device for maintalnmg a sufliciently tight in a continuous vertical H oven, these two' and reliable, and insuring a perfectly tight.

joint, given the conditions of pressure that can exist in normal working.

TlllS new device chiefly comprises an apparatus used for distributing the coal in a PARTICULARLY I thoroughly uniform manner over the whole extent of the oven, or of all the ovens arranged in a battery, then 'for producing a certain pressure at any desired moment.

when it is desired, or at regular intervals of time, according to the regulation adopted; This uniform distrlbution of coal (or of fine particles of any material to be distilled) throughout the whole extent of the oven, and the subsequent pressure, prevent any emptv spaces from being formed, and by bringing all the particles very close together, produce a very compact mass through which. owing to Its comparatively great height, no gases can pass either in one or in the other directlon, even at higher pressures than those that could normally exist in coke ovens.

The considerable pressure exercised b the charging apparatus at the top of the furnace, added to the simple action of gravlty on the whole mass of coal and coke (or other material to be distilled), is suflicient obtained will also have a regular, constant and properly homogeneous texture, itshardness will be increased, and consequently its metallurgical value will be greater. It will be even possible to obtain good metallurgical coke from compartively thin and very slightly caking coal which, in ordinary 0V8I1S,W011ld not give any product that could be advantageously used in metallurgy.

The accompanying drawing shows, by

way of example, in vertical axial section, a

construction according to the invention, ap-

plied to a battery of ovens.

An endless chain a to which are secured scrapers 6 arranged at'regular intervals, is

supported by a girder 0 extending through-'- out the whole length of the battery of ovens to be served. This girder rests at the two ends on the spindle of drums (Z and 0 used to drive the chain. At regular intervals to the chain are also secured, so as entirely to participate in its movement, one or two rollers f. The latter are intended to exercise, simply by their passage, a slight pressure on the particlesof coal, the'said pressure being suflicient to insure a tight ]oint.

The bearings 03 and 6 supporting the spindles of the two drums d and e of the chain a, are carried. by plates or disks 9 which can be raised by hydraulic pressure pistons h. In normal time, the whole weight 51 the movable part-drums, girder support ing the chain and a portion of the wei ht of the latter-is supported solely b the y.-

draulic pistons h. If the-pressure on thelatter is reduced, a portion of or even the whole of, this weight will rest on the roller or rollers .f.- The latter, in passing above of the ovens (not shown) a pressure which (n to the very 'hightotal weight of the mova' hle part.' A

the variousovens, will therefore exercise on the coal, piled upto a great height inthe pa'ssagesi arranged in the upper portion can be very considerable, OWlIl The admission of coal or materialto be dis- 1 tilled is at ,4. In order to insure a great elasticity in the regulation of the admission of coal, the chain with scrapers, as well as the whole of the girder 0, can be raised in the interior of a reservoir In to a certain height, so as to allow coal to accumulate,

this acting as a flywheel regulator on the su ply of coal to the various ovens.

V Witnesses: t goes without saymg that various'constructional modifications can be made in Lsoeeei the apparatus hereinbefore described, provided that it retains the essential characteristic features: uniform distribution of the charge, and pressure exercised at theupper part of the oven or ovens, .for the purpose of insuring a sufficiently tight joint of the mass, and of forcing the latter to descend in'the measure as the coke or.-other material obtained by distillation is removed atv the bottom end of the vertical oven. 7

Claims:

1. In a coking oven, an oven chamber open I at the top, a charging hopper open to said top, and means 111' said hopper for feeding the charge to said oven' and compacting the upper portion of a charge therein to form i a seal against the escape of gases from the I top of the oven during the coking operation."

2. In a coking oven, an oven chamberopen per to charge the oven through the open upper end thereof and pressors carriedbysaid feeder for compacting the charge in the top of the oven to form a seal against the escape of gases at the top of thexoven durinIg thecoking operation. i

3. n a coking oven, an oven chamberopen at the top, a charging hopper communicating therewith, and means vertically recip' rocal in said hopper to compress the upper portion of the charge the oven and thereby form a seal "againstthe escape of gases from the open topof the even during the coking operation.

l 4. In a coking oven,.an oven chamber open at the top, a charging hopper communicating therewith, a traveling feeder working in the hopper and serving to feed a charge tothe ovenchamber through the open-end thereof, and a vertically reciprocal frame carrying said feeder and cooperating there- .with to compact the upper portion of the at the top, a charging hopper open tosaid top, a traveling feeder working in said hop- 7 charge in the oven, for the purpose described.

In testimony whereof I have-signed my I name to this specification.

JULIEN PIETERS.

- N. DEmivRIMoN'r, CH. Dmmssmon. 

